The corona virus is a common respiratory disease. It is not the new Covid-19 corona virus of today. We have seen epidemics of other corona viruses before.
2002: Coronavirus in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
Year: 2004 H5N1
Year: 2005 H5N7
2009: H1N1 influenza
2012: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) corona virus
Year: 2018 Nipha virus
Year: 2019 Covid 19
The virus that infects Covid-19 is called SARS-Cov-2. Like other corona viruses, the Covid-19 virus is transmitted from person to person.
Infection
Infection begins when a person with an infection enters the body through the nose, mouth, or eyes of a healthy person. Such particles spread up to 6 feet when speaking or sneezing. The virus can spread even when there are no symptoms. The virus can be transmitted by touching any surface or object with the virus in the eyes, nose or mouth. Most viruses can live on the surface for many hours.
Once infected, the virus blocks the healthy cells in the body from doing what it wants them to do. During this time, the virus multiplies by thousands in the first week. By this time no symptoms may be seen or symptoms such as general fever, dry cough, sore throat may be seen. When these symptoms appear, you should rest and drink plenty of fluids.At the same time, the body's immune system is also important. This condition lasts up to a week, and many can recover. If the immune system is not strong enough to reach this stage, the virus can spread to the airways. Which eventually reaches the alveoli through the trachea of the lungs.
Mild infections
The alveoli are a small air-filled membrane that connects to small blood vessels. This is how oxygen reaches the blood from the alveoli. As the body's immune system fights the virus, it can block oxygen from reaching the bloodstream. In the first stage, the fighting white blood cells produce a molecule called chemokine. While fighting the virus, old cells and fluid fill the lungs. This is called pneumonia and in such cases the patient needs a ventilator.Symptoms include coughing, fever, and difficulty breathing. This condition is called a mild infection. About 97 percent of those infected with the coronavirus reach this stage.
If the condition becomes more complicated, it is called Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). This condition makes breathing even more difficult and damages the alveolar cells and blood vessels and then accumulates inside the alveoli. As a result, fluid, white blood cells and damaged cells of the lungs accumulate in the lungs. In this case, other parts of the body are also affected. One of the main reasons for this is that the immune system is more active than desired.This lowers blood pressure and can cause septic shock. Due to the widespread inflammation (swelling) in the lungs, ARDS does not provide the body with the oxygen it needs. This causes the kidneys to stop working, damaging the lining of the intestines. Treatment of this condition is very aggressive and may require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. This is an artificial lung. Which fills the blood outside the body with oxygen and carries it to the whole bodyIn this case, the damage is so great that the organs cannot save the body.
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